O objetivo deste artigo é realizar configurações no linux para a instalação do Banco de Dados Oracle 11g R2.
Com o usuário “root” vamos ajustar o kernel do Linux para atender a instalação do Banco de Dados Oracle.
OBS: Os parâmetros do Kernel e valores limites da shell mostrados na seguinte seção são valores mínimos somente. Para um banco de dados em produção, a Oracle recomenda que seja melhorado estes valores para otimizar a performance do sistema. Veja a documentação do sistema operacional para maiores informações para melhorar estes parâmetros.
Para o uso destes valores mínimos, estou me baseando nas minhas configurações, portanto, deve sempre ao configurar estes valores, verificar a configuração de seu hardware.
Informações de Hardware x Software
Hardware:
Pentium(R) Dual-Core CPU T4300 @ 2.10GHz
MemTotal: 2075068 kB
SwapTotal: 5237148 kB
Software:
Linux srvoracle11g.localdomain 2.6.18-238.el5 #1 SMP Tue Jan 4 15:24:05 EST 2011 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.6
Kernel: Enterprise Linux Server release 5.6 (Tikanga)
Segue os valores mínimos a ser colocados no “sysctl.conf”.
fs.suid_dumpable = 1
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default=4194304
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=1048586
Vamos então configurar estes parâmetros no Kernel do Linux, pois o banco de dados Oracle necessita destes parâmetros para o seu melhor gerenciamento de memória, i/o e uso de CPU. Com o “vi” no Linux vamos configurar os parâmetros acima com os valores ideais para o seu ambiente.
Para maiores informações de cada parâmetro acima, acessar o documento da Oracle, na qual, o link se encontra no final deste artigo.
O comando “/sbin/sysctl” é usado para visualizar, ajustar e automatizar as configurações do Kernel no diretório “/proc/sys/”.
[root@srvoracle11g ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf [root@srvoracle11g ~]# /sbin/sysctl -p net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2 net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 kernel.sysrq = 0 kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 kernel.msgmnb = 65536 kernel.msgmax = 65536 kernel.shmmax = 4294967295 kernel.shmall = 268435456 fs.suid_dumpable = 1 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 536870912 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 4194304 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048586 [root@srvoracle11g ~]#
Vamos visualizar a configuração do Kernel após ajustá-lo.
[root@srvoracle11g ~]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf # Kernel sysctl configuration file for Oracle Enterprise Linux # # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and # sysctl.conf(5) for more details. # Controls IP packet forwarding net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 # Controls source route verification # See /usr/share/doc/kernel-doc-*/Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2 # Do not accept source routing net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 # Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel kernel.sysrq = 0 # Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename # Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 # Controls the use of TCP syncookies net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 # Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes kernel.msgmnb = 65536 # Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue kernel.msgmax = 65536 # Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes kernel.shmmax = 4294967295 # Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages kernel.shmall = 268435456 fs.suid_dumpable = 1 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 536870912 kernel.shmmni = 4096 # semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default=4194304 net.core.rmem_max=4194304 net.core.wmem_default=262144 net.core.wmem_max=1048586 [root@srvoracle11g ~]#
Ainda com o usuário “root” vamos adicionar os limites de recursos do software.
OBS: Os valores mencionados no exemplo abaixo são ilustrativos e não são valores que devem ser adicionados num ambiente de produção. Para isso devemos estudar melhor os limites para o ambiente de produção.
Quando o arquivo “limits.conf” é mudado, isto muda os efeitos imediatamente. Portanto, se o grid ou usuários oracle são logados, então estas mudanças não tem efeito até que se você desloga estes usuários de volta. Você deve fazer isto antes que você use estas contas para instalação.
Valores adicionados no arquivo “limits.conf”.
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 4096
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
[root@srvoracle11g ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf [root@srvoracle11g ~]# cat /etc/security/limits.conf # /etc/security/limits.conf # #Each line describes a limit for a user in the form: # #<domain> <type> <item> <value> # #Where: #<domain> can be: # - an user name # - a group name, with @group syntax # - the wildcard *, for default entry # - the wildcard %, can be also used with %group syntax, # for maxlogin limit # #<type> can have the two values: # - "soft" for enforcing the soft limits # - "hard" for enforcing hard limits # #<item> can be one of the following: # - core - limits the core file size (KB) # - data - max data size (KB) # - fsize - maximum filesize (KB) # - memlock - max locked-in-memory address space (KB) # - nofile - max number of open files # - rss - max resident set size (KB) # - stack - max stack size (KB) # - cpu - max CPU time (MIN) # - nproc - max number of processes # - as - address space limit # - maxlogins - max number of logins for this user # - maxsyslogins - max number of logins on the system # - priority - the priority to run user process with # - locks - max number of file locks the user can hold # - sigpending - max number of pending signals # - msgqueue - max memory used by POSIX message queues (bytes) # - nice - max nice priority allowed to raise to # - rtprio - max realtime priority # #<domain> <type> <item> <value> # #* soft core 0 #* hard rss 10000 #@student hard nproc 20 #@faculty soft nproc 20 #@faculty hard nproc 50 #ftp hard nproc 0 #@student - maxlogins 4 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 4096 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240 # End of file [root@srvoracle11g ~]#
Agora com a mídia do Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.6 montado, vamos instalar os seguintes pacotes se eles já não estão instalados.
Segue abaixo a lista dos Pacotes.
binutils-2.*
compat-libstdc++-33*
compat-libstdc++-33*.i386.rpm
elfutils-libelf*
gcc-4.*
gcc-c++-4.*
glibc-2.*
glibc-common-2.*
glibc-devel-2.*
glibc-headers-2.*
ksh*
libaio-0.*
libaio-devel-0.*
libgomp-4.*
libgcc-4.*
libstdc++-4.*
libstdc++-devel-4.*
make-3.*
sysstat-7.*
unixODBC-2.*
unixODBC-devel-2.*
numactl-devel-*
[root@srvoracle11g ~]# cd /media/
.hal-mtab .hal-mtab-lock Oracle Linux
[root@srvoracle11g ~]# cd /media/Oracle\ Linux\ Server\ dvd\ 20110119/Server/
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh binutils-2.*
rpm -Uvh numactl-devel-*warning: binutils-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package binutils-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5.i386 is already installed
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*
warning: compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY,
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:compat-libstdc++-33 ########################################### [100%]
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*.i386.rpm
warning: compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386 is already installed
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf*
warning: elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5.i386 is already installed
package elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.137-3.el5.i386 is already installed
package elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5.i386 is already installed
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh gcc-4.*
warning: gcc-4.1.2-50.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package gcc-4.1.2-50.el5.i386 is already installed
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh gcc-c++-4.*
warning: gcc-c++-4.1.2-50.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package gcc-c++-4.1.2-50.el5.i386 is already installed
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh glibc-2.*
warning: glibc-2.5-58.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
warning: package glibc = 2.5-58 was already added, skipping glibc < 2.5-58
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package glibc-2.5-58.i386 is already installed
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file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM1143.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM1144.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
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file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM1156.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM1157.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
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file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM1388.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM1390.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
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file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM16804.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM256.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM273.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
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file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM275.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM277.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM278.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
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file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM285.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
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file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM423.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM424.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM437.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM4517.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM4899.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
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file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM500.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM5347.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM803.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM850.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM851.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM852.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM855.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM856.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM857.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM860.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM861.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM862.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM863.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM864.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM865.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM866.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM866NAV.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
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file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM869.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
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file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM874.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
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file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM891.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM901.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM902.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM903.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
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file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM904.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM905.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM9066.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM918.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM921.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM922.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM930.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM932.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM933.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM935.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM937.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM939.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM943.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IBM9448.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/IEC_P27-1.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/INIS-8.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/INIS-CYRILLIC.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
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file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO-2022-KR.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
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file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO646.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
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file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO8859-10.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO8859-11.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO8859-13.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO8859-14.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO8859-15.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO8859-16.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
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file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO8859-3.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO8859-4.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO8859-5.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO8859-6.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO8859-7.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO8859-8.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO8859-9.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO_10367-BOX.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO_11548-1.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO_2033.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO_5427-EXT.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO_5427.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO_5428.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO_6937-2.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/ISO_6937.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/JOHAB.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/KOI-8.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
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file /usr/lib/gconv/KOI8-T.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/KOI8-U.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/LATIN-GREEK-1.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/LATIN-GREEK.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/MAC-IS.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/MAC-SAMI.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/MAC-UK.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/MACINTOSH.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/MIK.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/NATS-DANO.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/NATS-SEFI.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/PT154.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/RK1048.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/SAMI-WS2.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/SHIFT_JISX0213.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/SJIS.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/T.61.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/TCVN5712-1.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
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file /usr/lib/gconv/TSCII.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/UHC.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/UNICODE.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/UTF-16.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/UTF-32.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/UTF-7.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/VISCII.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/libCNS.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/libGB.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/libISOIR165.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/libJIS.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/libJISX0213.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/lib/gconv/libKSC.so from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/libexec/getconf/POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32 from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/libexec/getconf/POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
file /usr/sbin/iconvconfig from install of glibc-2.5-58.i386 conflicts with file from package glibc-2.5-58.i686
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh glibc-common-2.*
warning: glibc-common-2.5-58.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package glibc-common-2.5-58.i386 is already installed
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2.*
warning: glibc-devel-2.5-58.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package glibc-devel-2.5-58.i386 is already installed
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh glibc-headers-2.*
warning: glibc-headers-2.5-58.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package glibc-headers-2.5-58.i386 is already installed
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh ksh*
warning: ksh-20100202-1.el5_5.1.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package ksh-20100202-1.el5_5.1.i386 is already installed
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh libaio-0.*
warning: libaio-0.3.106-5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package libaio-0.3.106-5.i386 is already installed
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0.*
warning: libaio-devel-0.3.106-5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libaio-devel ########################################### [100%]
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh libgomp-4.*
warning: libgomp-4.4.4-13.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package libgomp-4.4.4-13.el5.i386 is already installed
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh libgcc-4.*
warning: libgcc-4.1.2-50.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package libgcc-4.1.2-50.el5.i386 is already installed
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4.*
warning: libstdc++-4.1.2-50.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package libstdc++-4.1.2-50.el5.i386 is already installed
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh libstdc++-devel-4.*
warning: libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-50.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-50.el5.i386 is already installed
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh make-3.*
warning: make-3.81-3.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package make-3.81-3.el5.i386 is already installed
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh sysstat-7.*
warning: sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5_5.1.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:sysstat ########################################### [100%]
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh unixODBC-2.*
warning: unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:unixODBC ########################################### [100%]
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh unixODBC-devel-2.*
warning: unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:unixODBC-devel ########################################### [100%]
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# rpm -Uvh numactl-devel-*
warning: numactl-devel-0.9.8-11.0.1.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:numactl-devel ########################################### [100%]
[root@srvoracle11g Server]#
OBS: O pacote “libc-2.5-58.i386.rpm” já instalado, ou conflito do tipo de pacote para 32 Bits e 64 Bits. No meu caso estou utilizando uma máquina de 32 Bits, o que acabou conflitando com o pacote de 64 Bits. Porém neste caso específico, pode-se ignorar está mensagem.
Continuando com o usuário “root” vamos criar os grupos para a instalação e rotinas administrativas no Banco de Dados Oracle.
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# groupadd oinstall [root@srvoracle11g Server]# groupadd dba [root@srvoracle11g Server]# groupadd oper [root@srvoracle11g Server]# groupadd asmadmin
Continuando com o usuário “root” vamos criar o usuário oracle, adicioná-lo como membro nos grupos criados e definir uma senha para o mesmo.
OBS: No comando “useradd” o -g é o grupo inicial do usuário. O grupo já deve existir ao colocar este item do comando. O -G é uma lista de grupos suplementar que o usuário é também um membro. Os grupos são sujeitos as mesmas restrições como o grupo dado com a opção -g. O default é para o usuário pertencer somente ao grupo principal.
Exemplo abaixo do Comando:
NAME
useradd – Cria um novo usuário ou atualiza a informação do novo usuário.
SYNOPSIS
useradd [-c comment] [-d home_dir]
[-e expire_date] [-f inactive_time]
[-g initial_group] [-G group[,…]]
[-m [-k skeleton_dir] | -M] [-n] [-o] [-p passwd] [-r]
[-s shell] [-u uid] login useradd -D [-g default_group] [-b default_home]
[-e default_expire_date] [-f default_inactive]
[-s default_shell]
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmadmin oracle [root@srvoracle11g Server]# passwd oracle Changing password for user oracle. New UNIX password: BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word Retype new UNIX password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. [root@srvoracle11g Server]#
Configurações adicionais
OBS: Desabilitar o linux seguro editando o arquivo “/etc/selinux/config” vendo a flag SELINUX como abaixo, caso não fora desabilitado durante instalação do sistema operacional.
SELINUX=disabled
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# cat /etc/selinux/config # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system. # SELINUX= can take one of these three values: # enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced. # permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing. # disabled - SELinux is fully disabled. SELINUX=disabled # SELINUXTYPE= type of policy in use. Possible values are: # targeted - Only targeted network daemons are protected. # strict - Full SELinux protection. SELINUXTYPE=targeted [root@srvoracle11g Server]#
Ainda com o usuário “root” vamos criar os diretórios e grarantir privilégios nos mesmos para a instalação do software Oracle Database 11gR2.
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 [root@srvoracle11g Server]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 [root@srvoracle11g Server]# chmod -R 775 /u01
Vamos conectar com o usuário “oracle” e vamos configurar no seu profile as variáveis de ambientes para a instalação do Banco de Dados Oracle.
É importante definirmos estas variáveis de ambiente, pois durante a instalação do Banco de Dados Oracle 11gR2, todas estas já estarão configurados para um ótimo gerenciamentos do diretórios e arquivos do banco de dados Oracle, além dos binários do mesmo.
Segue abaixo as variáveis de ambientes a ser configurados no profile.
# Oracle Settings
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=srvoracle11g.localdomain; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl; export ORACLE_UNQNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
[root@srvoracle11g Server]# su - oracle
[oracle@srvoracle11g ~]$ pwd
/home/oracle
[oracle@srvoracle11g ~]$ vi .bash_profile
[oracle@srvoracle11g ~]$ cat .bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
# Oracle Settings
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=srvoracle11g.localdomain; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl; export ORACLE_UNQNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
[oracle@srvoracle11g ~]$
Pronto preparamos o Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.6 para a instalação do Banco de Dados Oracle 11gR2.
Mais informações acessar o documento de instalação da Oracle para o Sistema Operacional Linux.
Documento Oracle
Autor: Maycon Tomiasi
Formado em Tecnologia da Informação na FIPP (Faculdade de Informática de Presidente Prudente), Analista DBA Oracle pela Teiko Soluções em Tecnologia da Informação, residente em Blumenau/ SC, Certificado OCP 10g/11g/12c, OCS 11g Implementation, OCE 11g Performance Tuning, OCE 11g RAC & GRID e OPN Specialist. Conhecimentos em PHP.
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